Nephrology

1. The commonest organism producing acute pyelonephritis is:

2. Which of the following is not a guanidino compound?

3. Bosentan is recognised as a:

4. The commonest cause of solute diuresis is:

5. Bartter syndrome is the syndrome which has effects on nephron just like the use of:

6. Renal tubular acidosis may be due to:

7. All are recognised causes of chronic renal failure (CRF) except:

8. Oliguria is:

9. ‘Ring shadow’ on IV Pyelography diagnoses:

10. Peritoneal dialysis may be complicated by all except:

11. Complications of AGN include all except:

12. In a severely uraemic patient, which of the following would indicate chronic renal failure?

13. Absolute contraindications of renal transplantation are all except:

14. Haemoptysis associated with renal failure is found in all except:

15. Which of the following commonly affects kidneys?

16. Fatty cast is often diagnostic of:

17. Which of the renal stones is radiolucent?

18. ‘Saturnine gout’ develops as a result of:

19. Which of the following does not produce red urine?

20. Microscopic haematuria is characteristic of:

21. Nocturia is not found in:

22. Which of the following is usually unresponsive to corticosteroid therapy?

23. Isolated haematuria is not found in:

24. Serum urea and creatinine remain normal in:

25. In stage S chronic kidney disease (CKD), the GFR falls below:

26. Chronic interstitial nephritis may lead to all of the following except:

27. The commonest renal lesion in diabetic nephropathy is:

28. Nephrotic syndrome may be associated with hypertension in all except:

29. The most important diagnostic point in favour of CRF by USG is:

30. A child with rickets, nephrocalcinosis, hyperchloraemic acidosis and alkaline urine is suffering from:

31. Radiolucent nephrolithiasis is found in stones composed of:

32. Streptococcal pyoderma may be associated with all except:

33. Increased plasma urea/creatinine is found in alt except:

34. ‘Rugger jersey spine’ is seen in:

35. All are true in urethral syndrome except:

36. ‘Fruity odour’ in urine is found in:

37. Renal vein thrombosis in adults is seen in:

38. Heavy proteinuria associated with haematuria is suggestive of:

39. Which of the following can decrease the antihypertensive effect of ACE inhibitors?

40. WBC casts in urine are suggestive of all except:

41. The blood level of all rises in ARF except:

42. Which of the following metal is not responsible for the development of nephrotic syndrome?

43. Anti-tubule basement membrane antibodies may be found in treatment with:

44. Acute tubular necrosis is found in all except:

45. Metastatic calcification is seen in all of the following organs except:

46. All of the following can present as nephritic-nephrotic syndrome except:

47. All of the following are complications of chronic pyelonephritis except:

48. Alport’s syndrome is associated with all except:

49. The most beneficial drug in enuresis is:

50. All of the following are associated with hypercalciuria except: