Nephrology

1. Radiolucent nephrolithiasis is found in stones composed of:

2. The commonest organism producing acute pyelonephritis is:

3. In microalbuminuria, the range of albuminuria is:

4. Hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism is seen in:

5. Regarding erythropoietin therapy in CRF, which is not correct?

6. Recurrent haematuria is not classically seen in:

7. AGN is not characterised by:

8. Fatty cast is often diagnostic of:

9. Which of the following is not a criterion for diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome?

10. Alport’s syndrome may have:

11. Which of the following is not a recognised cause of microalbuminuria?

12. Bosentan is recognised as a:

13. Isolated haematuria is not found in:

14. After how many years of onset of type 1 or 2 diabetes, microalbuminuria appears?

15. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in all except:

16. All are true in urethral syndrome except:

17. All of the following are complications of chronic pyelonephritis except:

18. In pregnancy-induced hypertension, which of the following suggests pre-eclampsia?

19. Which is false regarding the adult polycystic disease of kidney?

20. A child with rickets, nephrocalcinosis, hyperchloraemic acidosis and alkaline urine is suffering from:

21. Tubular proteinuria is assessed by measuring:

22. Cure of chronic prostatitis is done by:

23. Green urine is seen in:

24. All are recognised causes of chronic renal failure (CRF) except:

25. The most important diagnostic point in favour of CRF by USG is:

26. Which of the following commonly affects kidneys?

27. The medullary cystic disease is not associated with:

28. Serum urea and creatinine remain normal in:

29. Complement C3 is characteristically low in all except:

30. Gitelman syndrome is the syndrome which has effects on nephron just like the use of:

31. Bilaterally palpable kidneys are found in alt except:

32. Nocturia is not found in:

33. Streptococcal pyoderma may be associated with all except:

34. In stage S chronic kidney disease (CKD), the GFR falls below:

35. Isosthenuria is found in:

36. Serum add phosphatase level is increased in all except:

37. Oliguria is:

38. Positive Rothera’s test in urine is found in all except:

39. Fabry’s disease is not related to:

40. Metastatic calcification is seen in all of the following organs except:

41. IgA nephropathy commonly presents with:

42. In IgA nephropathy, IgA is deposited in:

43. In a patient with diabetes mellitus having hypertension, serum creatinine of 3.1 mg/dl and a plasma potassium of 5.8 mEq/L are best treated with which antihypertensive agent?

44. All of the following produce enuresis except:

45. Broad casts are found in:

46. Increased plasma urea/creatinine is found in alt except:

47. Absolute indication for dialysis:

48. ‘Ring shadow’ on IV Pyelography diagnoses:

49. Absolute contraindications of renal transplantation are all except:

50. Struvite stone is usually a result of urinary infection by: