Nephrology

1. The earliest manifestation of minimal lesion nephropathy is:

2. Hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism is seen in:

3. Streptococcal pyoderma may be associated with all except:

4. All of the following produce enuresis except:

5. All of the following are associated with hypercalciuria except:

6. Normal urinary osmolality in mOsm/kg of water is approximately:

7. Minimal change nephropathy is better known as:

8. Acute tubular necrosis may be caused by all of the following except:

9. All are true regarding renal ischaemia except:

10. In stage S chronic kidney disease (CKD), the GFR falls below:

11. In microalbuminuria, the range of albuminuria is:

12. ‘Ring shadow’ on IV Pyelography diagnoses:

13. Hypernephroma is associated with all except:

14. The most beneficial drug in enuresis is:

15. Prognosis of which of the following is excellent?

16. Fatty cast is often diagnostic of:

17. All of the following can present as nephritic-nephrotic syndrome except:

18. Peritoneal dialysis may be complicated by all except:

19. Heavy proteinuria associated with haematuria is suggestive of:

20. Recognised feature of minimal change glomerular disease is:

21. ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis is seen in:

22. Which of the following certainly diagnoses a renal lump?

23. Which of the following metal is not responsible for the development of nephrotic syndrome?

24. Which is false in CRF-related anaemia?

25. Wilms’ tumour is characterised by all except:

26. The commonest presentation of renal cell carcinoma is:

27. Alimentary glycosuria may be associated with all except:

28. The medullary cystic disease is not associated with:

29. Isolated haematuria is not found in:

30. Renal vein thrombosis in adults is seen in:

31. Serum add phosphatase level is increased in all except:

32. Oliguria is:

33. Each kidney contains approximately:

34. Acidic urine is produced in:

35. Increased plasma urea/creatinine is found in alt except:

36. The commonest renal lesion in diabetic nephropathy is:

37. Polyuria is produced by all of the following except:

38. The commonest cause of solute diuresis is:

39. Urine of low specific gravity is obtained in:

40. In a patient with diabetes mellitus having hypertension, serum creatinine of 3.1 mg/dl and a plasma potassium of 5.8 mEq/L are best treated with which antihypertensive agent?

41. Acute tubular necrosis is found in all except:

42. In pregnancy-induced hypertension, which of the following suggests pre-eclampsia?

43. The blood level of all rises in ARF except:

44. ‘Fruity odour’ in urine is found in:

45. Renal tubular acidosis is not seen in:

46. Fabry’s disease is not related to:

47. Microscopic haematuria is characteristic of:

48. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in all except:

49. Tubular proteinuria is assessed by measuring:

50. Bartter syndrome is the syndrome which has effects on nephron just like the use of: