Nephrology

1. X-ray pelvis shows iliac horns in:

2. Which of the following is not a criterion for diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome?

3. In a patient with diabetes mellitus having hypertension, serum creatinine of 3.1 mg/dl and a plasma potassium of 5.8 mEq/L are best treated with which antihypertensive agent?

4. The earliest manifestation of minimal lesion nephropathy is:

5. In a severely uraemic patient, which of the following would indicate chronic renal failure?

6. Complement C3 is characteristically low in all except:

7. Dehydration should be strictly avoided before performing IVP in:

8. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is not produced as a result of:

9. Bilaterally palpable kidneys are found in alt except:

10. WBC casts in urine are suggestive of all except:

11. Renal vein thrombosis in adults is seen in:

12. Renal tubular acidosis may be due to:

13. ANCA-positive pauci-immune glomerulonephritis is seen in:

14. Which of the following metal is not responsible for the development of nephrotic syndrome?

15. Which of the following is not a recognised cause of microalbuminuria?

16. Isosthenuria is found in:

17. Which of the following does not produce red urine?

18. Bartter’s syndrome should not have:

19. Streptococcal pyoderma may be associated with all except:

20. Which of the following is not added to urine by tubular secretion?

21. Which of the following is usually unresponsive to corticosteroid therapy?

22. Which of the following is false in nephritic-nephrotic syndrome?

23. All of the following are complications of chronic pyelonephritis except:

24. Peritoneal dialysis may be complicated by all except:

25. The blood level of all rises in ARF except:

26. Isolated haematuria is not found in:

27. Balanoposthitis is not associated with:

28. Absolute indication for dialysis:

29. Chronic interstitial nephritis may lead to all of the following except:

30. Which is false in CRF-related anaemia?

31. Commonest histological variety of nephrotic syndrome in adult is:

32. Urine of low specific gravity is obtained in:

33. After how many years of onset of type 1 or 2 diabetes, microalbuminuria appears?

34. In microalbuminuria, the range of albuminuria is:

35. Gitelman syndrome is the syndrome which has effects on nephron just like the use of:

36. In IgA nephropathy, IgA is deposited in:

37. The medullary cystic disease is not associated with:

38. Each kidney contains approximately:

39. Absolute contraindications of renal transplantation are all except:

40. Which is false regarding Goodpasture’s disease?

41. Radiolucent nephrolithiasis is found in stones composed of:

42. Transient deafness is most commonly associated with:

43. Metastatic calcification is seen in all of the following organs except:

44. ‘Fruity odour’ in urine is found in:

45. Which of the following is not a typical association in adult polycystic kidney disease?

46. All of the following can present as nephritic-nephrotic syndrome except:

47. The commonest cause of solute diuresis is:

48. All of the following drugs may produce nephrotic syndrome except:

49. Alport’s syndrome is associated with all except:

50. ‘Rugger jersey spine’ is seen in: