Nephrology

1. ‘Fruity odour’ in urine is found in:

2. The commonest presentation of renal cell carcinoma is:

3. All are true in urethral syndrome except:

4. Regarding erythropoietin therapy in CRF, which is not correct?

5. Anti-tubule basement membrane antibodies may be found in treatment with:

6. Positive Rothera’s test in urine is found in all except:

7. Urine of low specific gravity is obtained in:

8. Which of the following is not a recognised cause of microalbuminuria?

9. In a patient with diabetes mellitus having hypertension, serum creatinine of 3.1 mg/dl and a plasma potassium of 5.8 mEq/L are best treated with which antihypertensive agent?

10. Metastatic calcification is seen in all of the following organs except:

11. Renal vein thrombosis in adults is seen in:

12. All are true in bladder carcinoma except:

13. In pregnancy-induced hypertension, which of the following suggests pre-eclampsia?

14. Streptococcal pyoderma may be associated with all except:

15. Nocturia is not found in:

16. Complement C3 is characteristically low in all except:

17. Acute tubular necrosis may be caused by all of the following except:

18. Fatty cast is often diagnostic of:

19. All are recognised causes of chronic renal failure (CRF) except:

20. The commonest renal lesion in diabetic nephropathy is:

21. Bilaterally palpable kidneys are found in alt except:

22. Which of the following metal is not responsible for the development of nephrotic syndrome?

23. Which is true in prerenal azotaemia?

24. Chronic interstitial nephritis may lead to all of the following except:

25. In a severely uraemic patient, which of the following would indicate chronic renal failure?

26. Renal tubular acidosis is not seen in:

27. Heavy proteinuria associated with haematuria is suggestive of:

28. Which of the following commonly affects kidneys?

29. Bosentan is recognised as a:

30. Renal biopsy is contraindicated in all except:

31. ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in all except:

32. Alport’s syndrome may have:

33. Hyporeninaemic hypoaldosteronism is seen in:

34. Tubular proteinuria is assessed by measuring:

35. Which is false regarding Berger’s disease?

36. For a definitive diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux, the investigation of choice is:

37. Increased plasma urea/creatinine is found in alt except:

38. AGN is not characterised by:

39. Diabetes mellitus complicated by nephrotic syndrome has all the following features except:

40. Oliguria is:

41. Polyuria is produced by all of the following except:

42. Isosthenuria is found in:

43. All of the following may give rise to RPGN except:

44. Which of the following is not a typical association in adult polycystic kidney disease?

45. Which is not true in orthostatic proteinuria?

46. Prognosis of which of the following is excellent?

47. X-ray pelvis shows iliac horns in:

48. Which of the following is not a guanidino compound?

49. The most beneficial drug in enuresis is:

50. Complications of AGN include all except: